To support, substantiate, or form the underlying basis of an argument, claim, or system

From under + pin, originally a construction term for strengthening a building's foundation

Support Substantiate Bolster
Undermine Weaken
"The authentication infrastructure underpinning the claim that handloom is a strategic sector is substantial on paper, but it does not by itself change a weaver's bargaining power."

Use to strengthen Mains answers when explaining what evidence or institutions support a policy claim, e.g., 'the scheme's stated success is underpinned by government-reported data that independent assessment has not yet verified.'

← All Words
A new UPSC word every morning Word of the Day at 7am, plus daily current affairs and free PDFs
Join Channel
BharatNotes