Vocabulary Builder — Essay & Answer Writing
Insurgency
An organised, prolonged armed rebellion or violent uprising against an established government or authority, typically combining guerrilla tactics, political mobilisation, and popular support to achieve political ends; distinguished from terrorism by scale and political organisation
Latin insurgere (to rise up) — in (upon, against) + surgere (to rise)
"The SAMADHAN doctrine, introduced by the Indian Army to combat Left Wing Extremism, provides a structured framework for addressing insurgency through a combination of security operations, development initiatives, and political engagement."
Core term for GS3 (Internal Security — Left Wing Extremism, North-East insurgencies, J&K). Key frameworks: SAMADHAN doctrine (Smart leadership, Aggressive strategy, Motivation and training, Action on intelligence, Dashboard-based KPIs, Harnessing technology, Action plan for each theatre, No access to financing). Distinguished from terrorism: insurgency has territorial control ambitions. India's multi-pronged approach: security (CRPF, Cobra battalions) + development (Aspirational Districts) + political (peace talks). UN definition in Additional Protocol II to Geneva Conventions.
