Existing or operating in practice, whether or not formally recognised, intended, or legally sanctioned

Latin, literally 'from the fact'

In practice Effectively Actual
De Jure Nominal
"Because the government decides which crop may supply the ethanol mandate, the blending policy functions as a de facto industrial policy for whichever feedstock it favours in pricing."

Pair with 'de jure' to sharpen GS2 answers distinguishing formal legal status from actual practice, e.g., 'cross-department data integration can create a de facto surveillance apparatus even where no single law explicitly authorises one.'

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