India’s Dairy Strength

  • India produces nearly 25% of the world’s milk (largest producer globally)
  • Livestock sector growing at ~7% (Economic Survey 2025-26)
  • Cooperative structure (Amul Model) via Operation Flood; NDDB institutional support
  • Farmer-owned, professionally managed; households with 1-2 animals can participate
  • 68% of dairy labour performed by women
  • Aligns with SDGs 2, 12, 13, 15

Western Industrial Model Critique

  • Heavy mechanisation, high external inputs, routine antibiotics (causing AMR)
  • EU and US state subsidies distort global trade
  • High carbon footprint
  • India’s silvo-agro-pastoral model operates on low external inputs, circular nutrient economies, and massive rural women empowerment — a superior model of sustainable, inclusive growth

UPSC Angle

  • GS3: Agriculture, food security, trade
  • GS1: Society, women’s economic empowerment

📌 Facts Corner — Knowledgepedia

India’s Dairy Sector:

  • Global share: 25% (largest producer)
  • Growth rate: ~7% (Economic Survey 2025-26)
  • Women’s share in dairy labour: 68%
  • Model: Operation Flood / Amul cooperative
  • SDG alignment: 2, 12, 13, 15