African Swine Fever (ASF)

  • Highly contagious viral disease causing severe economic losses
  • Affects only domestic pigs and wild suids (boars) — does NOT infect humans
  • Current event: 20 wild boars recently died in Serchhip district, Mizoram
  • No commercial vaccine available — control relies entirely on biosecurity and rapid response

Nipah Virus

  • Zoonotic disease (animal to human transmission)
  • Diagnosis: RT-PCR, serology (ELISA), and virus isolation in Biosafety Level-4 (BSL-4) laboratories

UPSC Angle

  • GS3: Science & technology, disease surveillance, biosecurity

📌 Facts Corner — Knowledgepedia

African Swine Fever:

  • Host: domestic pigs and wild suids only (not humans)
  • Vaccine: none commercially available
  • Control: biosecurity + rapid response
  • Recent outbreak: Serchhip, Mizoram (20 wild boars)

Nipah Virus:

  • Type: zoonotic (bat-borne)
  • Diagnosis: RT-PCR, ELISA, BSL-4 virus isolation