Current Affairs Quiz 30 June 2026

Lt Gen Dhiraj Seth, previously Vice Chief of Army Staff, assumed charge as the 31st COAS on June 30, 2026, succeeding General Upendra Dwivedi. He was commissioned into the Armoured Corps in 1986.
Service chiefs are appointed by the President. The CDS also functions as Permanent Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee.
The distinction between the operational chain (moving toward theatre commands) and the service chiefs (who raise, train and sustain forces) is a recurring exam theme.

ABDM was launched in 2021 to create a national digital-health ecosystem. The June 29, 2026 launch bundled the Ayushman App, an Ayushman Sarathi WhatsApp chatbot, the National Health Claims Exchange (NHCX) for insurance claims, and the Unified Health Interface (UHI).
The ecosystem reports 90-plus crore ABHA accounts and over 100 crore linked health records. Data handling is governed by the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023, making privacy and consent central to the design.

The Yamuna is the largest tributary of the Ganga, rising at Yamunotri in Uttarakhand. The Upper Yamuna River Board functions under the Ministry of Jal Shakti.
Inter-State river-water disputes are governed by Article 262 of the Constitution and the Inter-State River Water Disputes Act, 1956, which allows Parliament to bar the jurisdiction of courts in such disputes. The agreement is also expected to expedite the Renuka, Kishau and Lakhwar multipurpose dam projects on the Yamuna basin.

The Santhal Hul took place in the Damin-i-Koh region of the then Bengal Presidency, in present-day Jharkhand. It was led by the Murmu brothers Sidhu, Kanhu, Chand and Bhairav, with sisters Phoolo and Jhano. “Hul” means liberation in Santhali.
It belongs to the tradition of tribal and peasant uprisings against colonial rule, alongside the Kol uprising (1831), the Munda Ulgulan led by Birsa Munda (1899-1900), and the Bhil revolts. The modern legacy of tribal self-governance includes the Fifth and Sixth Schedules, PESA (1996) and the Forest Rights Act (2006).

The DRDO, founded in 1958 under the Ministry of Defence, is India’s premier defence-research agency. DFP-2026 segregates financial powers for Extra-Mural Research, the Defence Innovation Accelerator Centres of Excellence (DIA-CoE) and the Technology Development Fund (TDF), which funds private industry and start-ups to develop defence technologies.
The reform strengthens the civil-military-industry-academia innovation linkage and complements schemes such as iDEX (Innovations for Defence Excellence). Faster financial sanction is meant to shorten the long development cycles that have historically slowed indigenous projects.

The eight core industries are Coal, Crude Oil, Natural Gas, Refinery Products, Fertilizers, Steel, Cement and Electricity. The index is compiled by the Office of the Economic Adviser in the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT).
For May 2026, core-sector output grew a muted 0.5% year-on-year, with cement, electricity and steel expanding while coal, crude oil, natural gas and refinery products contracted. The core sector is a closely watched leading indicator of industrial and infrastructure activity.

The Santhal rebellion arose in the Damin-i-Koh region against the triple oppression of zamindars, mahajans (moneylenders) and the East India Company. Tilka Manjhi led an earlier Santhal resistance in the late eighteenth century and is sometimes remembered separately.
Birsa Munda led the later Munda Ulgulan (1899-1900). Distinguishing these leaders and their movements is a common prelims requirement.
The Hul’s suppression nevertheless forced colonial administrative concessions, including the creation of the Santhal Parganas.

Digital India, under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), rests on pillars including broadband highways (BharatNet), universal mobile access, e-governance, and electronics manufacturing. Its signature successes include Aadhaar-enabled services and the Unified Payments Interface (UPI), which handles a very large share of global real-time payments.
The recent pivot toward the India Semiconductor Mission and the IndiaAI Mission reflects a shift from delivering connectivity to building frontier digital and hardware capability.

The IBG concept is part of the Indian Army’s transformation toward integrated, network-centric warfare and complements the wider push for jointness and theatre commands. Each IBG is tailored to its terrain and task, whether along the western or northern borders.
By combining multiple arms under a single commander, IBGs reduce the coordination delays of the traditional structure and enable faster, more flexible responses. The reform sits alongside other modernisation steps such as specialised battalions and integrated fire units.

The FSR reflects the collective assessment of the sub-committee of the Financial Stability and Development Council (FSDC), which the RBI Governor chairs at that level. The FSDC itself is chaired by the Union Finance Minister and coordinates among financial-sector regulators (RBI, SEBI, IRDAI, PFRDA).
The report covers macro-financial risks, banking-sector health, and stress-test results. Flagging AI-enabled cyber threats reflects the growing intersection of technology risk and financial stability.

The Tunguska event released energy estimated in the megatonne range, though it caused an airburst rather than a crater. Planetary-defence efforts are coordinated through bodies such as the UN Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA) and the International Asteroid Warning Network.
Missions such as NASA’s DART have tested the deflection of asteroids. For India, ISRO tracks near-Earth objects and participates in international space-situational-awareness efforts.
The day connects space science with disaster-risk awareness.

India’s official position holds that Aksai Chin and Arunachal Pradesh are integral parts of India. China’s People’s Liberation Army Rocket Force operates a large inventory of conventional and nuclear missiles.
Proponents argue a unified Indian rocket force would improve targeting, survivability and deterrence against both conventional and sub-conventional threats. India already fields systems such as the Agni and Pralay missiles; the debate is about organising them under an integrated command rather than across services, echoing broader theatreisation reforms.

India imports over 80% of its crude oil, so global price movements strongly affect its fiscal deficit, current-account balance and inflation. Lower prices ease the subsidy burden and give room to build Strategic Petroleum Reserves and rationalise the excise-and-cess structure on fuel.
Windfalls from low prices can be saved or invested rather than consumed, cushioning the economy when prices rebound. The argument connects to macroeconomic stability, energy security and fiscal prudence.

Data centres are the backbone of AI and cloud computing, and their power use rivals that of some countries. Cooling requires significant water, straining regions already facing scarcity.
India is promoting data-centre investment, so integrating environmental safeguards, renewable-energy sourcing and efficient cooling is important. The issue connects AI policy with climate and resource management, and with the broader debate on sustainable growth of digital infrastructure.
It also links to e-waste rules and the circular economy.

The Haryana-Rajasthan Yamuna agreement is a negotiated settlement that avoids the tribunal route, illustrating cooperative federalism. Article 263 is different: it provides for an Inter-State Council to coordinate between States, a consultative rather than adjudicatory body.
River boards can also be set up under the River Boards Act, 1956. Understanding the distinct roles of Article 262 (adjudication), Article 263 (coordination) and negotiated agreements is important for questions on federal water governance.