Current Affairs Quiz 27 June 2026

India classifies MSMEs using a composite criterion of investment in plant and machinery and annual turnover, applied uniformly to manufacturing and services. Registration is through the free, paperless Udyam portal (PAN and GST linked).
MSMEs contribute about 30% of GDP, around 45% of exports, and are the largest employer after agriculture. Key support schemes include CGTMSE (credit guarantee), PMEGP (employment generation) and PM Vishwakarma (artisans).

The plant was developed by the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC). The FBTR is a sodium-cooled fast reactor at the Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu.
Nuclear-sourced hydrogen is sometimes called pink hydrogen. The project supports the National Green Hydrogen Mission (launched 2023, targeting 5 million tonnes of green hydrogen a year by 2030) and helps decarbonise hard-to-abate sectors such as steel and fertiliser.

The test was conducted at the ISRO Propulsion Complex (IPRC), Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu. The semi-cryogenic engine is intended for the Next Generation Launch Vehicle (NGLV) and heavier payloads.
Only the oxidiser (LOX) is cryogenic, while kerosene is stored at normal temperatures, hence “semi-cryogenic”. ISRO is chaired by V. Narayanan.
The capability supports India’s heavy-lift ambitions, including the planned Bharatiya Antariksha Station around 2035.

The 52nd meeting reviewed projects worth around Rs 30,000 crore across roads, power, industrial corridors and metro. It also discussed e-Zero FIR, which auto-converts cyber-financial-fraud complaints above Rs 10 lakh into Zero FIRs.
A Zero FIR can be filed at any police station regardless of jurisdiction and is later transferred to the relevant station. The Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C) under the Ministry of Home Affairs is the nodal cybercrime body.

Hotspot states include Arunachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Gujarat and Rajasthan. India’s non-fossil capacity was about 283.5 GW as of March 2026, against a target of 500 GW of non-fossil capacity by 2030, part of the Panchamrit commitments announced at COP26 (2021).
The report suggested that spending around 2% of capital expenditure on resilience could substantially cut potential losses, underscoring the case for climate-proofing energy assets.

India-New Zealand merchandise trade was modest, around US$1.3 billion in FY 2024-25. The FTA aims to expand market access, investment and supply-chain cooperation.
It is part of India’s wider FTA push, which includes the India-UAE CEPA (2022), India-Australia ECTA (2022), India-EFTA TEPA (2024) and the India-UK FTA. New Zealand is a Five Eyes member and an Indo-Pacific partner, giving the deal a strategic as well as economic dimension.

Registration is via the Udyam portal, a free, paperless, self-declaration system linked to PAN and GST, with no physical inspection required. The thresholds rise from micro to small to medium.
The earlier definition relied on investment alone and treated manufacturing and services differently, which discouraged firms from scaling up. Linking the definition to turnover aligns it with formal tax data.

IGCAR is the lead centre for fast-reactor research in India. The Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR), also at Kalpakkam, marks the move to stage two of the three-stage programme conceived by Homi Bhabha (stage one: pressurised heavy water reactors using natural uranium; stage two: fast breeder reactors using plutonium; stage three: thorium-based reactors).
The hydrogen plant was developed by BARC, but draws heat from the FBTR at IGCAR.

Mahesh Dixit was appointed the new IB Director, succeeding Tapan Kumar Deka. The IB handles domestic intelligence, counter-intelligence and internal security inputs, while R&AW handles foreign intelligence.
Both are staffed largely by deputed officers and head appointments are processed through the Department of Personnel and Training. Neither agency is established by a specific statute, a point sometimes raised in debates on intelligence oversight.

The 2020 FCRA amendments required FCRA accounts to be opened at the State Bank of India, New Delhi main branch, barred sub-granting of foreign funds, and mandated Aadhaar for office-bearers. The Supreme Court upheld these amendments in Noel Harper v. Union of India (2022).
FCRA is distinct from FEMA, which governs foreign-exchange transactions generally; FCRA specifically governs foreign donations to associations and NGOs.

The talks aim at a first-phase Bilateral Trade Agreement, with urgency added by the expiry of a temporary US tariff arrangement around July 24, 2026. Trade negotiations turn on tariff lines, non-tariff barriers and market access, set against the WTO’s most-favoured-nation framework.
India has used a calibrated approach, opening manufacturing and some services while shielding sensitive agriculture, in line with its other recent trade agreements.

Under Article 356, the President can assume the functions of the State government and the powers of the State legislature, on the report of the Governor or otherwise. The proclamation requires parliamentary approval within two months and can continue, with periodic approval, normally up to three years.
The S.R. Bommai v. Union of India (1994) judgment made the imposition of President’s Rule subject to judicial review and curbed its misuse.

India’s position on the boundary question is clear: areas such as Aksai Chin and Arunachal Pradesh are integral parts of India. Engagement with China spans trade, the BRICS and SCO groupings, and global-governance reform, even as border management remains governed by agreements and ongoing disengagement at friction points.
The “Asian century” framing argues that the rise of both powers, and of the Global South, is better served by managed cooperation than by unchecked rivalry.

Replacement-level fertility is around 2.1 children per woman. India’s TFR has fallen to or below this level nationally, though it varies across States.
The looming concerns are delimitation, where seats could shift towards higher-fertility States, and fiscal devolution under the Finance Commission. An ageing population strains pensions, healthcare and public finances, requiring social-security and healthcare reforms rather than pronatalist incentives.

Non-traditional security threats include climate change, water scarcity, food insecurity, pandemics and resource competition. The editorial calls for India to formally embed environmental security in its national-security doctrine and planning.
This connects to concepts such as climate-induced migration, resource conflicts, and the securitisation of the environment, and to institutions and frameworks dealing with disaster management and climate adaptation.