DRDO demonstrated Solid Fuel Ducted Ramjet (SFDR) technology in February 2026. Which upcoming Indian missile will use SFDR as its propulsion system?
SFDR is the propulsion backbone for the Astra Mk-3 BVRAAM (Beyond Visual Range Air-to-Air Missile), designed for a range of approximately 340 km at sustained Mach 2 to 3.8 speed. Astra Mk-1 (~110 km range) uses a conventional solid rocket motor and is already inducted into the IAF and Indian Navy.
💡 Concept Note
SFDR (Solid Fuel Ducted Ramjet) is an air-breathing engine that uses atmospheric oxygen as oxidiser, carrying only boron-based solid fuel. This gives it a significant range and sustained-speed advantage over conventional solid-rocket propelled missiles of similar size. The European Meteor missile (carried on India’s Rafales) and China’s PL-15 use similar ramjet-derived propulsion — making Astra Mk-3 a direct counter to the PL-15 in a potential aerial engagement scenario.
Yantra India Limited was granted Miniratna Category-I status in February 2026. On which date was the Ordnance Factory Board (OFB) corporatised into Defence PSUs, of which Yantra is one?
The Ordnance Factory Board (OFB) was corporatised on October 1, 2021, creating 7 Defence PSUs (DPSUs). Miniratna Category-I status grants Yantra India the autonomy to approve capital expenditure up to Rs 500 crore without prior government approval. This is the first such status among the 7 DPSUs created from the OFB.
💡 Concept Note
The 7 DPSUs from OFB corporatisation: Munitions India Limited (MIL), Armoured Vehicles Nigam Limited (AVNL), Advanced Weapons and Equipment India Limited (AWEIL), Troop Comforts Limited (TCL), Yantra India Limited (YIL — propellants and explosives), India Optel Limited (ITOL), Gliders India Limited (GIL). Miniratna Category-I (Rs 500 crore capex autonomy) is below Navratna (Rs 1,000 crore) and Maharatna (Rs 5,000 crore) status.
NDMA released its first-ever Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) guidelines in February 2026 to coincide with which anniversary?
The NDMA DVI guidelines were released on Republic Day (January 26, 2026) marking the 25th anniversary of the 2001 Gujarat earthquake (Bhuj earthquake, January 26, 2001). The guidelines outline a four-stage DVI process: systematic recovery of remains, collection of post-mortem data, collection of ante-mortem data, and scientific reconciliation. Key innovations include a National Dental Data Registry and Rapid DNA machines capable of generating a profile in 90 minutes.
💡 Concept Note
NDMA (National Disaster Management Authority) was established under the Disaster Management Act, 2005. It is chaired by the Prime Minister. The 2001 Gujarat (Bhuj) earthquake had a magnitude of 7.7; approximately 20,000 people died and over 1.6 lakh were injured. The DVI guidelines draw from INTERPOL DVI standards adapted for Indian conditions. The Act also created State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMAs) and District Disaster Management Authorities (DDMAs).
Which Constitutional Article allows appointment of retired High Court judges as ad hoc judges to address judicial pendency, as invoked by the Supreme Court Collegium for the Allahabad High Court?
Article 224A of the Constitution allows the Chief Justice of a High Court (with the President’s prior consent) to request retired HC judges to sit and act as HC judges. The judge must also consent voluntarily. The Supreme Court Collegium approved five such appointments for the Allahabad High Court in February 2026 to address its massive case backlog.
💡 Concept Note
Articles 127 and 128 address ad hoc Supreme Court judges (appointed by the CJI). India has a pendency of over 6 crore cases across all courts. The Supreme Court issued guidelines in 2021 encouraging use of Article 224A. Article 216 deals with the sanctioned strength of High Courts; the gap between sanctioned and actual judge strength is a primary driver of judicial backlog. The Allahabad HC is the largest High Court in India by sanctioned judge strength.
According to NITI Aayog reports, India's e-waste generation is projected to grow from 6.19 MMT (2024) to what level by 2030?
NITI Aayog projects India’s e-waste will grow from 6.19 MMT in 2024 to 14 MMT by 2030. Li-ion battery demand is projected to surge from 29 GWh (2025) to 248 GWh (2035) as electric vehicles scale up. End-of-Life Vehicles (ELVs) are projected to grow from 23 million (2025) to 50 million (2030).
💡 Concept Note
Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) is the key policy instrument making producers financially responsible for end-of-life product management. E-Waste Management Rules 2022 and Battery Waste Management Rules 2022 mandate EPR for electronics and battery manufacturers respectively. India is a member of GACERE (Global Alliance on Circular Economy and Resource Efficiency) under UNEP and the European Commission. India is the third largest e-waste generator globally.
Exercise KHANJAR, which commenced at Missamari, Assam in February 2026, is a bilateral military exercise between India and which country?
Exercise KHANJAR is a bilateral special forces exercise between India (Parachute Regiment Special Forces) and Kyrgyzstan (ILBRIS Special Forces Brigade). The 13th edition was held at Missamari, Assam from February 4-17, 2026. The exercise began in 2011 and alternates between India and Kyrgyzstan in successive editions.
💡 Concept Note
Kyrgyzstan is a landlocked Central Asian nation; capital: Bishkek. Kyrgyzstan borders Kazakhstan, China, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. India has been deepening defence ties with Central Asian nations, many of which are also members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO). Exercise KHANJAR focuses on Counter Terrorism and Special Forces operations in urban and mountainous terrain, sniping, complex building intervention, and mountain craft.
The Aspirational Blocks Programme was launched by NITI Aayog in which year, and how many aspirational blocks does it cover?
The Aspirational Blocks Programme was launched by the Prime Minister on January 7, 2023, covering 500 blocks in 329 districts across 27 states and 4 UTs. The count has since been updated to 513 blocks. The older Aspirational Districts Programme (launched January 2018) covers 112 districts with 49 KPIs. Sampoornata Abhiyan 2.0 (January 28 - April 14, 2026) targets 5 KPIs for aspirational districts and 6 KPIs for aspirational blocks.
💡 Concept Note
The Aspirational Districts Programme focuses on 49 indicators across 5 sectors: Health and Nutrition, Education, Agriculture and Water Resources, Financial Inclusion, and Infrastructure. The Aspirational Blocks Programme uses 39 key indicators across similar themes. NITI Aayog publishes monthly delta rankings for both programmes to create competitive pressure for improvement. The programmes benchmark units against each other and against national averages.
The National Productivity Council (NPC), designated as India's nodal body for the BRICS Centre for Industrial Competencies (BCIC), is under which Ministry?
The National Productivity Council (NPC) is an autonomous body under DPIIT (Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade), Ministry of Commerce and Industry — not under the Ministry of Labour and Employment. NPC serves as India’s nodal body for BCIC (BRICS Centre for Industrial Competencies), a BRICS-UNIDO initiative focused on Industry 4.0 adoption, smart manufacturing, and MSME productivity.
💡 Concept Note
NPC was established in 1958 as a tripartite organisation (government, employers, workers) under DPIIT. UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization) is headquartered in Vienna, Austria and promotes inclusive and sustainable industrial development in developing countries. BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) expanded to include new members from 2024. India joined BCIC on February 4, 2026 through a trust fund agreement signed at Vanijya Bhavan, New Delhi.
Which bank partnered with Tripura Gramin Bank to launch India's first Regional Rural Bank (RRB) co-branded RuPay Credit Card in February 2026?
Punjab National Bank (PNB) — as the sponsor bank of Tripura Gramin Bank (TGB) — partnered with TGB to launch India’s first RRB co-branded RuPay Credit Card during TGB’s Golden Jubilee celebrations. RuPay is NPCI’s (National Payments Corporation of India) domestic card payment network.
💡 Concept Note
Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) are jointly owned by the Central Government (50%), the Sponsor Bank (35%), and State Government (15%). They were established under the Regional Rural Banks Act, 1976 following the Narasimham Committee (1975) recommendation to provide banking services in rural areas. There are approximately 43 RRBs in India following successive amalgamations from 196 in 2005. NPCI was established in 2008 as an umbrella organisation for retail payment systems in India.
What is the World Bank loan amount approved in February 2026 for modernising India's Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs)?
The World Bank approved an USD 830 million loan for modernising India’s ITIs under the PM-SETU scheme, with a repayment period of 19.5 years and a 4-year grace period. The loan will upgrade 1,000 government ITIs and targets training over 1 million better-skilled workers annually.
💡 Concept Note
Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) are government vocational training institutes under the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship. India has approximately 15,000 ITIs with capacity for over 2 million trainees annually. The National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) and Skill India Mission (2015) complement ITI training. The World Bank is India’s largest multilateral lender, with the India Country Partnership Framework FY2026-31 envisaging USD 8-10 billion per year.